Luật sư Việt Nam » Tin tức » Tin nổi bật » Đời sống - Xã hội » Nghiên cứu - Trao đổi » Phân tích - Nghiên cứu » Kinh tế - Pháp luật » Luật sư - Bạn đọc
(hocketoanthue.edu.vn) - Ng\u00e0y 29\/11\/2020, \u0110o\u00e0n Lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 t\u1ec9nh \u0110\u1ed3ng Nai \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c L\u1edbp B\u1ed3i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n, nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 n\u0103m 2020. Trong \u0111\u00f3, t\u1ea1i l\u1edbp b\u1ed3i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, Lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u00ecnh H\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y chuy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 \"Nh\u1eefng v\u1ee5 \u00e1n oai sai n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00fd lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n\". T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam xin gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c Lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecdc to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o chuy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y. \n\n\n\n\"\"\u1ea2nh minh h\u1ecda.\n\n\n\nM\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch, \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i v\u1ec1 \u00e1n oan, sai\n\n\n\nHo\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u01b0 ph\u00e1p Vi\u1ec7t Nam trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m qua \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn t\u00edch c\u1ef1c v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1ng ghi nh\u1eadn: ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng quy c\u1ee7, c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3; vi\u1ec7c x\u00e9t x\u1eed c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 \u00e1n h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m \u0111\u00fang ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u00fang t\u1ed9i, \u0111\u00fang ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt; \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c th\u1ea5p c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p k\u1ebft \u00e1n oan ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ed9i. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra x\u00e9t x\u1eed trong th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n lu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ecbnh, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tranh t\u1ee5ng t\u1ea1i phi\u00ean t\u00f2a t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng cao, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 b\u1ea3n \u00e1n, quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 b\u1ecb s\u1eeda, h\u1ee7y do l\u1ed7i ch\u1ee7 quan c\u1ee7a h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng x\u00e9t x\u1eed c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng gi\u1ea3m h\u00e0ng n\u0103m. \n\n\n\nB\u00ean c\u1ea1nh nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng v\u1eabn c\u00f2n b\u1ed9c l\u1ed9 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111i\u1ec1u tra v\u00e0 x\u00e9t x\u1eed v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ec3 nhi\u1ec1u \u00e1n oan, sai d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a b\u1ecb can, b\u1ecb c\u00e1o, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb h\u1ea1i c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ef1 trong v\u1ee5 \u00e1n h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1, v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c d\u00e2n s\u1ef1, kinh t\u1ebf b\u1ecb x\u00e2m h\u1ea1i nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, g\u00e2y m\u1ea5t l\u00f2ng tin c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng l\u00fd, gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat uy t\u00edn c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 quan b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt.C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01a1n c\u1eed m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ee5 \u00e1n oan n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u01b0: V\u1ee5 \u00e1n oan \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u00f4ng Nguy\u1ec5n Thanh Ch\u1ea5n \u2013 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb t\u00f9 oan 10 n\u0103m v\u1ec1 t\u1ed9i \"Gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi\"; V\u1ee5 \u201cNg\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00f9 th\u1ebf k\u1ef7\u201d Hu\u1ef3nh V\u0103n N\u00e9n \u1edf B\u00ecnh Thu\u1eadn, v\u1edbi hai l\u1ea7n b\u1ecb k\u1ebft \u00e1n oan v\u1ec1 t\u1ed9i \"Gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi\" v\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c minh oan sau h\u01a1n 17 n\u0103m ng\u1ed3i t\u00f9; V\u1ee5 \u00e1n oan \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u00f4ng Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n Th\u00eam \u1edf B\u1eafc Ninh trong v\u1ee5 \u00e1n \"Gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi, c\u01b0\u1edbp c\u1ee7a\" x\u1ea3y ra c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y 46 n\u0103m,...\n\n\n\nX\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 oan sai trong t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1, ng\u00e0y 26\/6\/2015 t\u1ea1i k\u1ef3 h\u1ecdp th\u1ee9 9, Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i kh\u00f3a XIII \u0111\u00e3 th\u00f4ng qua Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft s\u1ed1 96\/2015\/QH13 v\u1ec1 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng oan, sai v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1. Ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn, ng\u00e0y 30\/82016 Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 ban h\u00e0nh quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 1681\/Q\u0110- TTg v\u1ec1 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft s\u1ed1 96\/2015\/QH13 c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i theo tinh th\u1ea7n ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft s\u1ed1 49-NQ\/TW ng\u00e0y 02\/6\/2005 c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u1ec1 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch t\u01b0 ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2020; Ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb s\u1ed1 48-CT\/TW ng\u00e0y 22\/10\/2010 c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u1ec1 \u201cT\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m trong t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh m\u1edbi\u201dnh\u1eb1m ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch t\u01b0 ph\u00e1p, n\u00e2ng cao ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u tra, truy t\u1ed1, x\u00e9t x\u1eed, ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd nghi\u00eam minh m\u1ecdi h\u00e0nh vi ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecf l\u1ecdt t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m oan ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00f4 t\u1ed9i\u201d.\n\n\n\nKh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m, \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 \u00e1n oan, sai\n\n\n\nNh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 \u201c\u00c1n oan\u201d?\n\n\n\nTheo t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t th\u00ec\u201coan\u201dl\u00e0b\u1ecb quy t\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang, ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu s\u1ef1 tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch sai tr\u00e1i, v\u00f4 l\u00fd. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: K\u1ebft t\u1ed9i m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh vi ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i ho\u1eb7c k\u1ebft \u00e1n h\u1ecd \u1edf m\u1ed9t t\u1ed9i n\u1eb7ng h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi h\u00e0nh vi m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0: k\u1ebft t\u1ed9i h\u1ecd ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i \"Gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi\" trong khi c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee9 cho th\u1ea5y h\u1ecd ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i c\u1ed1 \u00fd g\u00e2y th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00edch d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi.\n\n\n\nNgh\u0129a th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a t\u1eeb \u201csai\u2019\u2019 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 \u201ckh\u00f4ngph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1i ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1eadt, m\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u00e1c \u0111i\u201d. Trong t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 (TTHS) vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ee5 \u00e1n sai l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng(CQTHTT)gi\u1ea3iquy\u1ebftv\u1ee5\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1ch quan, tr\u00e1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt. Tuy nhi\u00ean, oan v\u00e0 sai trong TTHS l\u00e0 hai hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi nhau: Vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u201coan\u201d ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00f4 t\u1ed9i lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh vi tr\u00e1i (sai) ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt, c\u00f2n \u201csai\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ee5 \u00e1n h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a CQTHTT. \n\n\n\nTuy nhi\u00ean, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p h\u00e0nh vi sai ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a CQTHTT kh\u00f4ng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m oan ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00f4 t\u1ed9i. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u tra, \u0110i\u1ec1u tra vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecficungb\u1ecb can kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a lu\u1eadt TTHS (h\u1ecfi cung ban \u0111\u00eam,...) ho\u1eb7c do thi\u1ebfu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a v\u1ee5 \u00e1n, th\u1ea9m ph\u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec1u lu\u1eadt quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt H\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t, m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a b\u1ecb c\u00e1o. Nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p sai n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c n\u1ed9i h\u00e0m kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m oan.Do v\u1eady,\u201coan\u201d v\u00e0 \u201csai\u201d kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi nhau. Ta kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean d\u00f9ng c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb \u201coan sai\u201d m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb \u201coan, sai\u201d ho\u1eb7c oan, sai \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp trong nh\u1eefng t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p. S\u1ef1 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn tr\u00ean m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, nh\u01b0ng trong khoa h\u1ecdc ph\u00e1p l\u00fd th\u00ec ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p l\u00fd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 CQTHTT v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u1ebfnh\u00e0nh t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng. \n\n\n\nC\u0103n c\u1ee9 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n b\u1ecb l\u00e0m oan, sai\n\n\n\nC\u0103n c\u1ee9 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n b\u1ecb oan trong TTHS l\u00e0 c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh mang t\u00ednh g\u1ee1 t\u1ed9i, ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u1ed9t hay m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u00e0nh vi ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh vi. Nh\u00ecn chung, c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec1u quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u0103n c\u1ee9 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n b\u1ecb oan l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a To\u00e0 \u00e1n, \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft s\u01a1 th\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c ph\u00fac th\u1ea9m. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ea1i ch\u1ec9 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb oan khi To\u00e0 ph\u00fac th\u1ea9m tuy\u00ean v\u00f4 t\u1ed9i (h\u1ee7y b\u1ea3n \u00e1n k\u1ebft t\u1ed9i). Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb oan trong m\u1ecdi giai \u0111o\u1ea1n TTHS. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m \u01b0u vi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt n\u01b0\u1edbc ta, c\u00f3 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady th\u00ec quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb oan m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3. Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh mang t\u00ednh minh oan l\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c CQTHTT, nh\u1eefng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf n\u1ed7i oan khu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf.\n\n\n\nTu\u1ef3 thu\u1ed9cv\u00e0oc\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng, c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ra m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt TTHS, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 sau:\n\n\n\n- Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra (\u0110i\u1ec1u 248);\n\n\n\n- Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9 v\u1ee5 \u00e1n (\u0110i\u1ec1u 282, 359);\n\n\n\n- B\u1ea3n \u00e1n c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c tuy\u00ean b\u1ecb c\u00e1o kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i;\n\n\n\n- Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a To\u00e0 \u00e1n gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9 h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea1t m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 ho\u1eb7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng\u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 t\u1ed9i danh nh\u1eb9 h\u01a1n.\n\n\n\n\"\"\n\n\n\nNguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n \u00e1n o\u00e1n, sai\n\n\n\nNguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n\n\n\n\nTheo m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 chuy\u00ean gia ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt, nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn \u00e1n oan sai c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n, bao g\u1ed3m: do tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9, k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p, \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a \u0110i\u1ec1u tra vi\u00ean h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 quan trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u tra; kh\u1edfi t\u1ed1, truy t\u1ed1 khi ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7 c\u01a1 s\u1edf bu\u1ed9c t\u1ed9i; ch\u01b0a b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u201csuy \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00f4 t\u1ed9i\u201d, h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 v\u1ee5 \u00e1n mang n\u1eb7ng t\u00ednh bu\u1ed9c t\u1ed9i. C\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng c\u0169ng ch\u01b0a th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd, quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n oan sai, c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan ch\u01b0a th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t l\u1eabn nhau trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u tra, x\u00e9t x\u1eed.\n\n\n\nNgo\u00e0i ra, b\u1ec7nh th\u00e0nh t\u00edch c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u00e1p l\u1ef1c \u201cch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau\u201d s\u1ed1 v\u1ee5 \u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1edfi t\u1ed1, truy t\u1ed1 v\u00e0 x\u00e9t x\u1eed c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng c\u0169ng m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn oan sai. T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u201ch\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 h\u00f3a d\u00e2n s\u1ef1\u201d x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 v\u1ee5 \u00e1n \"qu\u00e1n c\u00e0-ph\u00ea Xin Ch\u00e0o\" x\u1ea3y ra t\u1ea1i huy\u1ec7n B\u00ecnh Ch\u00e1nh (TP. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh) v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2016. C\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng b\u1ee9c cung, nh\u1ee5c h\u00ecnh, \u00e9p cung, m\u1edbm cung. Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ki\u1ec3m s\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec1u tra c\u1ee7a VKS nhi\u1ec1u khi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00fang ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a B\u1ea3n k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec1u tra t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 ban h\u00e0nh b\u1ea3n c\u00e1o tr\u1ea1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch r\u1eadp khu\u00e2n, m\u00e1y m\u00f3c. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c thi ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta v\u1eabn c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng b\u1ea5t c\u1eadp, nhi\u1ec1u quy \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ecf l\u1ecdt t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m v\u00e0 g\u00e2y oan sai.\n\n\n\nH\u1eadu qu\u1ea3\n\n\n\n\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb oan, sai th\u00ec h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng l\u1edbn v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. Nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a \u00e1n oan sai \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u00e1n oan v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c \u00e1n cao nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 t\u1eed h\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c chung th\u00e2n th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c. H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n \u00e1n n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i cho b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb k\u1ebft \u00e1n m\u00e0 c\u00f2n v\u1edbi gia \u0111\u00ecnh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i g\u00e1nh ch\u1ecbu oan sai \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 v\u1edbi gia \u0111\u00ecnh, c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, nh\u01b0ng Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn cho sai ph\u1ea1m c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m li\u00ean quan \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb x\u1eed l\u00fd, ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 tinh th\u1ea7n, th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t, uy t\u00edn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb k\u1ebft \u00e1n, gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean s\u1ef1 b\u1ee9c x\u00fac trong d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t l\u00f2ng tin c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n v\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc. Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0m oan ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00f4 t\u1ed9i c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 b\u1ecf l\u1ecdt t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Do \u0111\u00f3, mu\u1ed1n kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c c\u1ea3 hai hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u00ean th\u00ec c\u00e1c CQTHTT tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd tin b\u00e1o t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecf l\u1ecdt t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf l\u00e0m oan ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00f4 t\u1ed9i trong \u0111\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng.\n\n\n\nVai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 \u00e1n c\u00f3 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u oan, sai\n\n\n\nC\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 \u00e1n oan, sai tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf cho th\u1ea5y ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c vi ph\u1ea1m nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 \u00e1n oan, sai \u0111\u1ec1u xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111i\u1ec1u tra, truy t\u1ed1. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u0169ng cho th\u1ea5y Lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 lu\u00f4n \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 ch\u00ednh trong vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 \u00e1n oan, sai. V\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng chuy\u00ean gia ph\u00e1p l\u00fd, v\u1edbi l\u00f2ng y\u00eau ngh\u1ec1, s\u1ef1 d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m gi\u1edbi Lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea5u tranh b\u1ec1n b\u1ec9, s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m ch\u1ec9 ra nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee9 ng\u1ee5y t\u1ea1o, c\u00e1c vi ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf v\u00e0 minh oan cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00f4 t\u1ed9i. \u0110\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh vi\u1ec7c \u00e9p cung, b\u1ee9c cung c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ecb t\u00ecnh nghi ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng (\u0110i\u1ec1u tra vi\u00ean) th\u00ec c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 Lu\u1eadt s\u01b0, trong \u0111\u00f3 \u0110i\u1ec1u tra vi\u00ean, Ki\u1ec3m s\u00e1t vi\u00ean l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi bu\u1ed9c t\u1ed9i c\u00f2n Lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 b\u00e0o ch\u1eefa l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1ee1 t\u1ed9i. S\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u tra v\u1edbi vai tr\u00f2 \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecdng s\u1ebd l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u201cbu\u1ed9c t\u1ed9i\u201d, ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1eadp, \u00e9p cung, m\u1edbm cung \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ecb can, b\u1ecb c\u00e1o trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111i\u1ec1u tra n\u00f3i ri\u00eang v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 n\u00f3i chung. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o cho vi\u1ec7c b\u00e0o ch\u1eefa b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch h\u1ee3p cho b\u1ecb can, b\u1ecb c\u00e1o \u0111\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cao nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 \u00e1n c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u oan sai, ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c trau d\u1ed3i ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt, kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c th\u00ec c\u00e1c Lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 n\u00ean ch\u00fa \u00fd m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 sau \u0111\u00e2y:\n\n\n\nK\u1ef9 n\u0103ng ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac b\u1ecb can, b\u1ecb c\u00e1o t\u1ea1i n\u01a1i giam gi\u1eef\n\n\n\nTr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, c\u00e1c Lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ecb can, b\u1ecb c\u00e1o khi \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c b\u00e0o ch\u1eefa v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 quan ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng. T\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, Lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 v\u1ee5 \u00e1n n\u00f3i chung v\u00e0 v\u1ec1 th\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh n\u00f3i ri\u00eang n\u00ean vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac b\u1ecb can l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ea1i n\u01a1i giam gi\u1eefa l\u00e0 h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c quan tr\u1ecdng. \u0110\u1ec3 cho bu\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac \u0111\u1ea1t k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 tin t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e0o ch\u1eefa th\u00ec Lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 ph\u1ea3i xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m th\u1ebf t\u1ef1 tin, l\u1ea1c quan v\u1ec1 v\u1ee5 \u00e1n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 th\u00f4ng tin k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn gia \u0111\u00ecnh h\u1ecd. \n\n\n\n\u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 Lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 ph\u1ea3i g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a b\u1ecb c\u00e1n b\u1ecb c\u00e1o \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 v\u1ee5 \u00e1n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan. Khi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi b\u1ecb can, Lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 g\u1ea7n g\u0169i, ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh v\u1edbi b\u1ecb can, b\u1ecb c\u00e1o nh\u1eb1m tr\u1ea5n \u00e1n tinh th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ni\u1ec1m tin cho h\u1ecd.\n\n\n\nV\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc, khi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi b\u1ecb can t\u1ea1i giam gi\u1eef th\u00ec \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a \u0110i\u1ec1u tra vi\u00ean ho\u1eb7c Gi\u00e1m th\u1ecb tr\u1ea1i giam n\u00ean Lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac b\u1ecb can tr\u00e1nh t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng b\u1ecb nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb l\u1eadp bi\u00ean b\u1ea3n do vi ph\u1ea1m. Tuy nhi\u00ean, trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac, Lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 ph\u1ea3i t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng t\u1ed1i \u0111a c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng khi \u0110i\u1ec1u tra vi\u00ean ho\u1eb7c gi\u00e1m th\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ea5n an ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi hay s\u1ef1 d\u1eb7n d\u00f2 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c b\u1ecb can b\u1ecb c\u00e1o tin t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1ea5t v\u00ec v\u1eady th\u1ea7n th\u00e1i, ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ho\u1eb7c \u00e1nh m\u1eaft c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 t\u1ea1i n\u01a1i giam gi\u1eef l\u00e0 h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c quan tr\u1ecdng. Lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 ph\u1ea3i nh\u1edb v\u00e0 lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i th\u1eadt v\u1edbi m\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecd l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh vi ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i hay kh\u00f4ng, \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u1ea1m (n\u1ebfu c\u00f3). \n\n\n\nTr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, n\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 b\u1ecb oan th\u00ec \u0111a s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c b\u1ecb can \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn h\u00e0nh vi ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean k\u00eau oan nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u1ecb can nh\u1eadn t\u1ed9i thay cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c ho\u1eb7c do qu\u00e1 khi\u1ebfp s\u1ee3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u01a1 quan \u0111i\u1ec1u tra m\u00e0 nh\u1eadn t\u1ed9i. V\u00ec v\u1eady, Lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 ph\u1ea3i xem x\u00e9t, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee9 kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 trong h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 v\u1ee5 \u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi l\u1eddi khai c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 m\u00ecnh.\n\n\n\nK\u1ef9 n\u0103ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 v\u1ee5 \u00e1n v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb v\u1edbi c\u01a1 quan ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng vi ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn oan, sai\n\n\n\nTrong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 v\u1ee5 \u00e1n, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 th\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh vi ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u00ec th\u1ebf m\u00e0 Lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 tin t\u01b0\u1edfng tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi khai n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 r\u1ed3i ch\u1ee7 quan ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn r\u1eb1ng th\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00f4 t\u1ed9i. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 Lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 tham gia v\u1ee5 \u00e1n \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u giai \u0111o\u1ea1n kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0ng khi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 v\u1ee5 \u00e1n Lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 n\u00ean \u0111\u1ecdc h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 v\u1edbi t\u00e2m th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t th\u1ea9m ph\u00e1n nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch t\u00ecm s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt c\u1ee7a v\u1ee5 \u00e1n. Sau khi c\u00f3 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch quan v\u1ec1 v\u1ee5 \u00e1n th\u00ec Lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 m\u1edbi n\u00ean \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e0o ch\u1eefa \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap cho th\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 l\u1eddi khai nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng lu\u1eadn c\u1ee9 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c b\u00e0o ch\u1eefa cho th\u00e2n ch\u1ee7. \n\n\n\nTrong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0o ch\u1eefa cho b\u1ecb can, b\u1ecb c\u00e1o Lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan t\u00e2m v\u00e0 l\u01b0u \u00fd c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1, th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 ngay t\u1eeb kh\u00e2u gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft tin b\u00e1o t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m, kh\u1edfi t\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra, truy t\u1ed1 v\u00e0 x\u00e9t x\u1eed t\u1ee7y theo t\u1eebng v\u1ee5 \u00e1n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Sau khi x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 vi ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 vi ph\u1ea1m nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng vi ph\u1ea1m \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t v\u1ee5 \u00e1n th\u00ec Lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 m\u1edbi xem x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ebfn lu\u1eadt n\u1ed9i dung tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf xem x\u00e9t h\u00e0nh vi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a b\u1ecb can, b\u1ecb c\u00e1o \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n b\u00e0o ch\u1eefa theo h\u01b0\u1edbng gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 cho th\u00e2n ch\u1ee7.\n\n\n\nSau khi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 v\u1ee5 \u00e1n v\u00e0 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c k\u00eau oan c\u1ee7a b\u1ecb c\u00e1n b\u1ecb c\u00e1o l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang th\u00ec Lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 ph\u1ea3i x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n b\u00e0o ch\u1eefa theo h\u01b0\u1edbng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u01a1 quan ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra, \u0111\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9 v\u1ee5 \u00e1n ho\u1eb7c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u00f2a \u00e1n tuy\u00ean b\u1ecb c\u00e1o v\u00f4 t\u1ed9i t\u00f9y theo c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng v\u1ee5 \u00e1n. B\u1ea3n ki\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 ph\u1ea3i n\u00eau r\u00f5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u vi ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, c\u00f3 hay kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee9 bu\u1ed9c t\u1ed9i, c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01a1 quan thu th\u1eadp c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft t\u1ed9i b\u1ecb can hay kh\u00f4ng, c\u00f3 hay kh\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c b\u1ef1c cung nh\u1ee5c h\u00ecnh trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u tra c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ecb can, b\u1ecb c\u00e1o, \n\n\n\nB\u1ea3n ki\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra, \u0111\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9 v\u1ee5 \u00e1n g\u1eedi tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u01a1 quan \u0111i\u1ec1u tra v\u00e0 VKS c\u00f9ng c\u1ea5p. B\u1ea3n ki\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 c\u0169ng n\u00ean c\u00f9ng l\u00fac g\u1eedi \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c thi ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c ban chuy\u00ean tr\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i, H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, \u1ee6y ban m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn t\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng. L\u01b0u \u00fd, sau khi k\u1ebft th\u00fac \u0111i\u1ec1u tra (\u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 b\u1ea3n k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec1u tra) ho\u1eb7c k\u1ebft th\u00fac giai \u0111o\u1ea1n truy t\u1ed1 (\u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 b\u1ea3n c\u00e1o tr\u1ea1ng) th\u00ec c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u trong h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 v\u1ee5 \u00e1n kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb coi l\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u m\u1eadt n\u00ean t\u00f9y theo t\u1eebng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, t\u1eebng lo\u1ea1i t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 Lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p k\u00e8m theo b\u1ea3n ki\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t v\u00e0 b\u00e1o ch\u00ed. Ph\u1ea3i h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng khi in \u1ea5n, cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c b\u00fat l\u1ee5c c\u00f3 trong h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 v\u1ee5 \u00e1n cho b\u00e1o ch\u00ed v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nhvi ph\u1ea1m ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt \u0111\u00e1ng ti\u1ebfc.\n\n\n\nK\u1ef9 n\u0103ng tranh tr\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c phi\u00ean t\u00f2a h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 x\u00e9t x\u1eed c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 \u00e1n c\u00f3 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u oan, sai\n\n\n\nB\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt T\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 2015 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ghi nh\u1eadn, n\u00e2ng cao vai tr\u00f2 tranh t\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 t\u1ea1i phi\u00ean t\u00f2a. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o vi\u1ec7c tranh t\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng x\u00e9t x\u1eed v\u00e0 b\u00e0o ch\u1eefa t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho th\u00e2n ch\u1ee7, t\u00f4i cho r\u1eb1ng Lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u sau:\n\n\n\nTh\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, c\u1ea7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 v\u1ee5 \u00e1n bao g\u1ed3m: B\u1ea3n c\u00e1o tr\u1ea1ng, B\u1ea3n k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec1u tra c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 quan \u0111i\u1ec1u tra, c\u00e1c v\u0103n b\u1ea3n ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi v\u1ee5 \u00e1n. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u k\u1ef9 v\u0103n b\u1ea3n t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi v\u1ee5 \u00e1n. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, l\u01b0u \u00fd v\u1ec1 th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n \u0111i\u1ec1u tra v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u tra,nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u k\u1ef9 c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ecbnh, n\u00ean \u0111\u1ecdc b\u1ea3n k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec1u tra v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n c\u00e1o tr\u1ea1ng sau khi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecdc c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 trong h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 v\u1ee5 \u00e1n.Lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eafm r\u00f5 v\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a v\u1ee5 \u00e1n, c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch kh\u00e1ch quan \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eebng chi ti\u1ebft ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee9, t\u00ecm ra nh\u1eefng m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn trong l\u1eddi khai, minh ch\u1ee9ng l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 cho th\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh t\u1ea1i phi\u00ean t\u00f2a.\n\n\n\nTh\u1ee9 hai, c\u1ea7n g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 trao \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi phi\u00ean t\u00f2a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nh\u1eb1m c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 tinh th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m tin chob\u1ecb can, b\u1ecb c\u00e1o, \u0111\u1eb7t ra c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1ecb can, b\u1ecb c\u00e1o nh\u1edb, t\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadt l\u1ea1i t\u00ecnh ti\u1ebft x\u1ea3y ra trong v\u1ee5 \u00e1n, tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch trung th\u1ef1c, kh\u00e1ch quan t\u1ea1i phi\u00ean t\u00f2a. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, kinh nghi\u1ec7m trong vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecfi, l\u1ea5y l\u1eddi khai khi tham gia ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 b\u1ecb can, b\u1ecb c\u00e1o; c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin do b\u1ecb can, b\u1ecb c\u00e1o cung c\u1ea5p.\n\n\n\nTh\u1ee9 ba, c\u1ea7n thu th\u1eadp m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 nh\u1ea5t c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee9 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1eb1m g\u1ee1 t\u1ed9i ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9 t\u1ed9i cho th\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 tr\u00ean tinh th\u1ea7n tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt, kh\u00f4ng \u0111i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt s\u01b0; chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb k\u1ef9 c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u00e0chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ecb c\u00e1o, b\u1ecb h\u1ea1i, nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi li\u00ean quan theo h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 cho th\u00e2n ch\u1ee7.\n\n\n\nTh\u1ee9 t\u01b0, trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tham d\u1ef1 phi\u00ean t\u00f2a Lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 ph\u1ea3i ch\u00fa \u00fd l\u1eafng nghe k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ghi ch\u00e9p t\u1ed1c k\u00fd, Lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 linh ho\u1ea1t, \u1ee9ng bi\u1ebfn trong c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea1i phi\u00ean t\u00f2a; Lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng nhu\u1ea7n nhuy\u1ec5n ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c ph\u00e1p l\u00fdv\u00e0 c\u00f3 chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m ch\u1ee9ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, kh\u00e1ch quan khi nh\u1eefng t\u00ecnh ti\u1ebft trong v\u1ee5 \u00e1n c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p l\u00fd v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 cho th\u00e2n ch\u1ee7.\n\n\n\nLu\u1eadt s\u01b0 NGUY\u1ec4N \u0110\u00ccNH H\u1ea2I\n\n\n\n